Comparative Politics and Public Finance

by

Torsten Persson, Gérard Roland and Guido Tabellini

First Draft: June 19, 1998
This version: March 5, 1999

 

Abstract


We propose a model with micropolitical foundations to compare the public finance outcomes under different political regimes. Compared to a parliamentary regime, the institutions of a presidential-congressional regime produce less incentives for legislative cohesion, but entail a clearer separation of powers. These features create important differences in public finance outcomes. A parliamentary regime has redistribution towards a majority, less underprovision of public goods, more rents to politicians and a higher tax burden, whereas a presidential-congressional regime has redistribution towards powerful minorities, more underprovision of public goods, but less rents to politicians and a smaller government. The predictions regarding the size of government are consistent with recent cross-country data.

JEL classification: H00, D72, D78.

Keywords: political economics, comparative politics, public finance, separation of powers, legislative cohesion, electoral accountability.